Autism Spectrum Disorder and ADHD: Similarities, Differences, and Overlap

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder (meaning it first presents in childhood) that affects a person's ability to socially relate to and communicate with others effectively, and also causes what is known as restricted and/or repetitive behaviors. Restricted behaviors manifest as cognitive and behavioral rigidity, limited eating habits, intense or unusual interests, and atypical sensory responses. Repetitive behaviors are things like repetitive body movements and repetitive speech.

ADHD, or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, is a common co-occurring disorder with ASD. People with ASD are more likely to have ADHD (including subclinical ADHD), but having ADHD does not increase the risk of ASD. Both disorders impact executive control, which is managed by the brain's frontal lobes, in different ways and to varying degrees.

Treatment for ASD differs from treatment for ADHD, which means that accurate differential diagnosis is crucial. When a child or adult presents with both disorders, the treatment approach should prioritize the symptoms or issues that are most impairing and/or are causing the greatest amount of distress first.

The overall approach should be careful and individualized. It often works best when two or more providers collaborate with the client to create a customized plan. The combination of ASD and ADHD necessitates a personalized approach to that individual's healthcare, including their mental health care.

If you think you may have ASD, ADHD, or both, I invite you to connect with me for a free consultation. Call, text, or email today! 651-252-4111 or Info@ipcpsych.com